Spaces and Locational Signs

Hieroglyphs are a mixture of letters of various ratio, vertically or horizontally long. Unlike a custom of the present languages, they wrote not only in the writing direction but also in the perpendicular direction for thin letters, and in the moreover perpendicular direction (same as the writing direction) for small letters.
Logically speaking, you can braille as a sentence if you know the one-dimensional arrangement of the letters. However, if a directional sign is used, the information about the location of the letters is regarded as an important object of investigation. You then use locational signs below to show the two-dimensional arrangement of the letters.

Primary locational sign Secondary locational sign Tertiary locational sign
--
--
-O
--
--
OO
--
OO
OO

In a document with a directional sign, you put spaces between signs for each letter as a general rule. However, if letters are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the writing direction, you put primary locational signs between the signs for those letters. If letters are arranged in the direction moreover perpendicular, you put secondary locational signs between the signs for those letters. You can put tertiary locational signs by the same rule. If you need, a quaternary locational sign is a tertiary locational sign doubled.
The table below is a model in a case when writing horizontally from left.

Arrangement Braille
(1) (2) (3) (1) --
--
--
(2) --
--
--
(3)
(1) (2) (4) (1) --
--
--
(2) --
--
-O
(3) --
--
--
(4)
(3)
(1) (2) (5) (1) --
--
--
(2) --
--
-O
(3) --
--
-O
(4) --
--
--
(5)
(3)
(4)
(1) (2) (5) (1) --
--
--
(2) --
--
-O
(3) --
--
OO
(4) --
--
--
(5)
(3) (4)
(1) (2) (6) (1) --
--
--
(2) --
--
-O
(3) --
--
OO
(4) --
OO
OO
(5) --
--
--
(6)
(3) (4)
(5)

Even if same letters are written, locational signs may be used differently according to whether written vertically or horizontaly. On the last example in the table above, if written vertically, you put a space between (2) and the group of (3) - (5) since it is divided vertically there. You put a primary locational sign between (3) and the group of (4) and (5), and a secondary locational sign between (4) and (5).
In a document without a directional sign, you do not use locational signs, and put a space after every word according to the custom of latinization of hieroglyphs. Personal suffices and determinatives are included in the words in front of them. However, you can put spaces between signs for each letter or arrange all of signs without spaces if you cannot know how words are divided.
The table below is an example of brailling a sentence meaning "I see the sun." The opening, ending, and directional signs are omitted.

Hieroglyph
Sound iw maa.i r'
With directional sign O- -- O- -- -- OO O- -- O- O- -- O- -- O- -- -O -- O- -- O- -- O- O-
-O -- O- -- -O -- -- -- -O OO -- -- -- -- -- -O -- OO -- -O -- OO -O
-- -- O- -- -O OO -- -O -O O- -- -- -- -- -- O- -- O- -O O- -- OO O-
Without directional sign O- O- -- -- OO O- O- O- O- O- -O -- O- O- O- O-
-O O- -- -O -- -- -O OO -- -- -O -- OO -O OO -O
-- O- -- -O OO -- -O O- -- -- O- -- O- O- OO O-

You can break a line at a space as a general rule. If a line must be broken in a long braille string with locational signs, you break it after a locational sign.
In a document without a directional sign, you cannot break a line in a word as a general rule since two braille strings before and after a line break are basically regarded as two different words. If a line must be broken in a long braille string with locational signs, you break it after a ligative sign, or a distinctive sign if there are no signs with ligative signs.

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